Question

Serious dehydration may cause increased heart rate, reduced blood volume, and muscle cramps. Select one: a. True b. False

Answer 1

TRUE

Step-by-step explanation:

Dehydration is the loss of total body water, resulting in alteration of metabolic process.it takes place when the free water loss by the body is far greater than the fluid intake. This occurs when the environmental temperature exceed the limits, or effects of diseases or rigorous exercise.

About 92% of blood is water;(depending on venous or arterial blood) therefore when dehydration occurs, the blood volume drops. The body compensated for this by releasing Vasopressin from the pituitary glands under the influence of the the brain. Vasopressin consticts the blood vessels, making the blood pressure to rise:hypertension.

The heart beat faster because of the rise in blood pressure, with the increase in heart beat/ second ; high heart rate.

Due to disruption of electrolyte balance of the body, dehydration leads to muscle cramps. SPECIFICALLY VITAMIN B1, B6 AND B5 depletion leads to muscle cramps.These are water soluble vitamins that are greatly lost during dehydration, via sweating.

Glucose, potassium, sodium, water, calcium and other metabolites are needed for efficient functioning of muscle proteins(actin and myosin, troponin amd tropomyosin ). Therefore loss of these metabolites affects the physiology of muscle cells.

Answer 2

True

Step-by-step explanation:

Dehydration can be defined as the reduction of fluid (water) in the body, when there is inadequate water in the body, the body can't function properly. An individual suffering from serious dehydrating has definitely lost a greater amount of water in its body. Serious dehydration can be caused by vomiting and diarrhea, a symptoms of cholera for example. This serious dehydration in turn can lead to reduced blood volume. As a result, increase in heart rate occurs to supply more blood into the body to carry out biological activities needed for sustenance and effective functioning of the body system. Also serious dehydration can trigger muscle cramps because dehydration led to depletion of electrolyte that are needed for effective functioning of the muscles such as sodium, glucose, potassium etc.