Answer:
a. were active from the early 1600s.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mercantilism refers to the government policy to control economic affairs for the purpose of increasing the economic wealth. Mercantilism later gave way to colonization as the nation's economic interest was based on the colonies especially in the case of Britain. Britain's mercantilism policy included expansion of native merchant fleet, protect the domestic market and accumulation of as much money as possible.