Final answer:
1. The Earth orbits around the Sun, not the Moon. 2. Jupiter will be traveling most slowly around the Sun when at its furthest point from the Sun. 3. Earth orbits in the shape of an ellipse around the Sun.
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Earth is located at one of the Moon's orbit.
This statement is incorrect. Earth and the Moon both orbit around the Sun, not each other. The Moon orbits around the Earth.
2. According to Kepler's second law, Jupiter will be traveling most slowly around the Sun when at __________.
Kepler's second law states that each planet moves so that an imaginary line drawn from the Sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times. Therefore, Jupiter will be traveling most slowly around the Sun when it is furthest from the Sun, during its aphelion.
3. Earth orbits in the shape of a/an __________ around the Sun.
Earth orbits in the shape of an ellipse around the Sun, with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.
4. The mathematical form of Kepler's third law measures the period in years and the __________ in astronomical units (AU).
The mathematical form of Kepler's third law states that the ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets about the Sun is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the Sun. The period is measured in years and the average distance is measured in astronomical units (AU).
5. According to Kepler's second law, Pluto will be traveling fastest around the Sun when at __________.
According to Kepler's second law, Pluto will be traveling fastest around the Sun when it is closest to the Sun, during its perihelion.
6. The extent to which Mars' orbit differs from a perfect circle is called its:
The extent to which Mars' orbit differs from a perfect circle is called its eccentricity.