Final answer:
Pier-and-beam construction refers to a popular method used in residential wood frame construction, where the floors are supported above ground level to protect against termites, wood rot, and to facilitate under-house airflow.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of wood frame construction commonly found in residential construction, where floors are supported by joists, beams, and bearing walls, is known as pier-and-beam construction. In the Deep South and other regions, this technique was especially useful for combating adverse conditions such as termites, wood rot, and flooding by elevating the floor above the ground. The pier and beam construction method also facilitated airflow beneath the house which helped to keep it cool in hot climates. Historically, different techniques like post-in-ground and wattle and daub were also utilized depending on the local materials and climate challenges. Today, this construction style is recognized for its practical advantages and historical significance.