Answer:
The volume of water needed=0.86 liters
Step-by-step explanation:
Step 1: Form an equation
The equation can be expressed as follows;
(Ac×Va)+(Wc+Vw)=Fc(Va+Vw)
where;
Ac=initial concentration of antifreeze
Va=volume of antifreeze in liters
Wc=concentration of water
Vw=volume of the water in liters
Fc=final concentration of the antifreeze
This expression can be written as;
(concentration of antifreeze×volume of antifreeze in liters)+(concentration of water×volume of the water)=final concentration of the antifreeze(volume of antifreeze in liters+volume of the water in liters)
In our case;
Ac=45%=45/100=0.45
Va=3 liters
Wc=0
Vw=unknown
Fc=35%=35/100=0.35
Replacing;
(0.45×3)+(0×Vw)=0.35(3+Vw)
1.35=1.05+0.35 Vw
0.35 Vw=1.35-1.05
0.35 Vw=0.30
Vw=0.3/0.35=0.86
Vw=0.86 liters
The volume of water needed=0.86 liters