Question

How did the American Anthropological Association’s "do no harm" mandate come into existence?

a. An increasing awareness of loss of Amazonian rain forest populations evoked a worldwide outcry.
b. Anti-colonialist ideas spurred a debate in the 1900s about the role of anthropology in protecting indigenous groups.
c. Ethical and moral lapses toward the end of the twentieth century led to changes in attitude about the role of the anthropologist.
d. The loss of life during the Human Terrain Systems Program was made public and provoked outrage among the anthropological community.

Answer 1

The answer is c. Ethical and moral lapses toward the end of the twentieth century led to changes in attitude about the role of the anthropologist.

Step-by-step explanation:

The American Anthropological Association’s “do no harm” mandate came into existence after a five year research in which most of the association’s members felt ashamed over the ethical and moral lapses involved in their work, especially as it promoted American imperialism towards the end of the twentieth century. “Do no harm”, which is the first of seven main principles in the association’s “new code”, encourages anthropologists not to harm the dignity or beliefs of people—non-Americans and Americans.