Question

People who eat lots of fruits and vegetables have lower rates of colon cancer than those who eat little of these foods. Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants such as vitamins A, C, and E. Will taking antioxidants help prevent colon cancer? A medical experiment studied this question with 864 people who were at risk of colon cancer. The subjects were divided into four groups: daily beta‑carotene, daily vitamins C and E, all three vitamins every day, or daily placebo. After four years, the researchers were surprised to find no significant difference in colon cancer among the groups. (a) Identify the explanatory and response variables by placing each variable into the correct category.

Answer 1

The study found no significant difference in colon cancer rates among the different vitamin supplement groups.

Step-by-step explanation:

The explanatory variable in this study is the type of vitamin supplement taken (beta-carotene, vitamins C and E, all three vitamins, or placebo). The response variable is the occurrence of colon cancer after four years of taking the supplements.

It is important to note that while fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants, taking antioxidant supplements did not show a significant difference in preventing colon cancer in this study. Other compounds in fruits and vegetables may contribute to the protective effect against cancer.

Answer 2

Explanatory variable – antioxidants

Response variable – colon cancer

Step-by-step explanation:

People who eat lots of fruits and vegetables have lower rates of colon cancer than those who eat little of these foods. Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants such as vitamins A, C, and E. Will taking antioxidants help prevent colon cancer? A medical experiment studied this question with 864 people who were at risk of colon cancer. The subjects were divided into four groups: daily beta‑carotene, daily vitamins C and E, all three vitamins every day, or daily placebo. After four years, the researchers were surprised to find no significant difference in colon cancer among the groups

Explanatory variable is when a variable is independent. It is not affected by any other variable. it can exist a;lone. a variable is said to be cntainer of value. So eating fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants are tagged Explanatory Variables

Response Variables refers to variables that are dependent . response variable can change and rely on independent variables. They are affected by several factors. In this case the response variable will be the colon cancer, because it is dependent on if the people selected under observation eats fruits and vegetables or not