Final answer:
Parochial participants are individuals who only become involved in politics when they think the issue has a direct effect on them. They are primarily focused on local issues that directly impact their lives or immediate communities.
Step-by-step explanation:
People who only become involved in politics when they think the issue has a direct effect on them are considered to be parochial participants. Parochial participants are individuals who are primarily focused on local issues that directly impact their lives or immediate communities.
Parochial participants differ from other types of political participants, such as voting specialists, who are highly interested in the voting process itself and make voting a priority regardless of the specific issues at hand.
Campaigners, on the other hand, are individuals who actively engage in the political process by supporting specific candidates or causes. Finally, communalists are people who participate in politics due to a strong belief in the importance of collective action and community engagement.