Answer: Drug metabolism involves enzymes. Drugs undergo a variety of chemical changes in the animal organism by enzymes of the liver, intestine, kidney, lung, plasma and other tissues. Many enzymes which take place in such biotransformations; includes oxidase, hydrolase, lipase, synthetase, dehydrogenase, ..etc
Cytochrome P450 undergoes the phase 1 type of drug metabolism.
The sites/organ where it metabolises drug in the liver, intestine, kidney, lung, plasma and other tissues.
It also metabolises in the subcellular locations such as the endoplasmic reticulum (microsomes) and mitochondrial.
Cytochromes P450 is a Pigment that, with CO bound to the reduced form, absolutely maximally at 450nm.
Cytochromes are hemoproteins (heme-thiolate) that function to pass electrons by reversibly changing oxidation state of the Fe heme between the 2+ and 3+ state and serves as electron acceptor-donor.
P450 not a singular hemoprotein but rather a family of related hemoproteins. Over 1000 have been identified in nature with ~50 functionally active in humans with broad substrate specificity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Depending upon the extent of amino acid sequence homology, the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes superfamily contains a number a isoenzymes / subtypes, the relative amount of which differs among species and among individuals of the same species.
• These isoenzymes / subtypes are grouped into various families designated b Arabic numbers 1, 2, 3 (sequence that are greater than 40% identical belong to the same family), each having several subfamilies designated by Capital letter A, B, C, while individual isoenzymes/subtypes are again allotted Arabic numbers 1.2,3 (eg, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, etc.).