Answer:
a. understanding your customer is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
Marketing research is defined as a process of gathering, analyzing and reporting data related to marketing services that help the marketers to solve and identify the marketing problems.
Steps involved in the marketing research process are:
- Identify a research problem.
- Design and develop a research plan.
- collect and organize relevant information.
- processing and analyzing the data
- formulating a conclusion and preparing a report.
Thus understanding your customer this step is not involved in the marketing research process.