Question

Rawls says that each person is to have an equal right to the most extensive basic liberty compatible witha. social utility.

b. a similar liberty for others.
c. traditional morality.
d. economic stability.

Answer 1

Rawls's theory of justice emphasizes equal basic liberties and arranging social and economic inequalities for the benefit of the least advantaged members of society. It aligns with egalitarian views and addresses the challenge of balancing liberty and equality in economic matters.

Step-by-step explanation:

Rawls's Theory of Justice

Rawls argues that society should be governed by two principles. The first principle, known as the 'liberty principle,' states that each person should have an equal right to the same basic liberties as others. The second principle, referred to as the 'difference principle,' states that social and economic inequalities should be arranged in a way that benefits the least advantaged members of society. Rawls's goal is to address structural inequalities and create a society that values both liberty and fairness.

Egalitarianism

Rawls's theory aligns with egalitarian views that emphasize equality and the rights of individuals. While egalitarian theories do not argue for complete sameness, they assert that everyone should have equal moral worth and enjoy equal rights. Rawls's focus on basic liberties and the well-being of the least advantaged members of society reflects this egalitarian perspective.

Economic Arguments

The debate between liberty and equality often centers around economic questions such as property ownership and wealth distribution. Rawls's theory recognizes the challenge of balancing the natural right to property with equality. While not advocating for equal distribution, Rawls emphasizes arranging social and economic inequalities to benefit the least advantaged, thus addressing the tension between liberty and equality.

Answer 2

Similar liberty for others.

Step-by-step explanation:

John Rawls (1921-2002) was an American moral and political liberal philosopher. Throughout his book, A Theory of Justice (1971) he addresses the problem of distributive justice, or the socially just distribution of goods in the society. In the final chapter of his book he made a final clarification on the two principles on justice.

This principle is considered as a greatest equal liberty principle. He defined the basic equal liberties: political liberty, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, the right to hold personal property, liberty of conscience and freedom of thought, freedom of person as it is - in this last principle freedom from psychological oppression is included, as well as integrity of the person.