Answer:
E. An upswing in the tertiary sector in developing nations
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to find this out we need to go through the list of answers and knock some out to find our answer.
A lack of formal education --> I think it's pretty obvious that it is infact an issue many women face when fighting for equality and empowerment.
Women do not always have the same access to loans as men --> Again, that is a problem many women face today.
Many farming practices are passed through matrillineal lines --> What are matrillineal lines? It is kinship that are passed down from female genetic lines, which may influence the inheritance of property or titles that the next female member may have. This definitely influences a lot of women's rights and power as they are refined to their mother's heritage for their own oppertunities.
In some societies, women represent a spiritual ideal of ferility related to agricultural productivity --> We can knock this one out, as it basically states that in many regions women can only take up agricultural practices and provide for their family through agricultural work.
An upswing in the tertiary sector in developing nations --> Lets take a step back and evaluate what the tertiary sector is. The tertiary sector is known as the "service sector", i.e. you will see jobs such as teachers and resteraunt servers. According to UNWomen, a gender equality organization, about 61.5% of women work in the tertiary sector. With an upswing in jobs in the tertiary sector, more women will be supplied with jobs.
Apologies for being late, hopefully this was helpful!