Final answer:
An oligarchy and a theocracy are similar in that both are governed by a small elite group, whether defined by wealth and power, or by religious leadership and divine sanction.
Step-by-step explanation:
An oligarchy and a theocracy are two forms of government that seem quite different on the surface but share one fundamental similarity: in both cases, a small elite group holds the power.
An oligarchy is a form of government where power resides with a select group of individuals. These people may come to power through wealth, military strength, or political influence. Unlike monarchies, their status is not necessarily inherited, though it can be. They remain in power by making decisions that serve their interests, sometimes leading to corruption and inequity in society.
On the other hand, a theocracy is a government system where the state is ruled under divine guidance, or the leaders are seen as divinely guided. Here, the ecclesiastical or religious leaders form the elite ruling class. A theocratic government implements laws based on religious principles and texts, meaning that religious authority is the governing authority.
The common thread between an oligarchy and a theocracy is that in both, a small, often unelected group controls the government and, by extension, the society. This contrasts with forms of government like a representative democracy, where the power is supposed to lie with a larger number of elected officials representing the people's will.