Final answer:
The weight of an astronaut plus their space suit on the Moon is 250 N. On the Moon, the astronaut has a mass of 156.25 kg. On Earth, the astronaut weighs 1531.25 N.
Step-by-step explanation:
The weight of an object is the force exerted on it due to gravity, and it is measured in Newtons (N). The weight of an astronaut plus their space suit on the Moon is given as 250 N. We can use the equation w = mg to find the mass of the astronaut on the Moon. Rearranging the equation, we have m = w/g, where m is the mass, w is the weight, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. On the Moon, the acceleration due to gravity is about 1.6 m/s². So, the mass of the astronaut on the Moon is m = 250 N / 1.6 m/s² = 156.25 kg.
To find the weight of the astronaut on Earth, we can use the same equation. Given that the acceleration due to gravity on Earth is about 9.8 m/s², the weight of the astronaut on Earth can be calculated as w = mg = 156.25 kg × 9.8 m/s² = 1531.25 N. Therefore, the astronaut weighs 1531.25 N on Earth.