Question

Honors Earth Science (Astrology)

Please help. I'm just going to list all the questions, so I can check my own answers.

1. What shape is the moon's orbit around Earth? *

an ellipse that is elongated

an ellipse that is almost circular

a circle

a spiral

2. For which project would knowledge of Kepler's laws prove most useful?

calculating the mass of Earth

measuring the distance between Earth and the moon

putting a communications satellite in Earth orbit

determining the structure of the solar system's planets

3. A line between a planet and the sun sweeps out two equal areas at different places as it moves along its orbit. Which factor remains constant as this happens?

the distance the planet moves along its orbit while it sweeps out the area

the distance from the sun to the planet while it sweeps out the areas

the planet’s speed as it sweeps out the areas

the time required to sweep out the areas

4. Which did Kepler notice about planetary motion that caused him to propose Kepler’s first law of orbital motion?

The planets have circular orbits.

The distance between Mars and the sun is constant.

The distance to the sun varies.

Most planets have highly elliptical orbits.

5. Which is a feature of Copernicus's model of the solar system?

The planets move in perfect circles.

All planets orbit the Sun at the same speed.

The outer planets move in epicycles.

Earth is fixed to a crystalline sphere.

6. Kepler's second law of planetary motion states that when a planet is closest to the sun it moves faster in its orbit than when it is farther away.

True

False

7. Which of the following statements about Newton's theory of universal gravitation is true?

Gravitational force increases as the distance between objects increases.

Gravitational force increases as mass of objects decreases.

Gravitational force increases as the mass of objects increases.

The theory applies only to objects on Earth.

8. Which statements about the geocentric model is false?

It shows the orbits of the planets as circular.

It shows Earth at the center of the solar system.

It shows the Sun at the center of the solar system.

9. An asteroid approaches Jupiter and is slung around into a new trajectory across the solar system. Which of the following is possible?

The asteroid slows down as it passes around Jupiter.

The asteroid continues out of the solar system.

The asteroid adopts an unusual orbit around the sun, such as an egg shape.

The asteroid falls into an irregular orbit around Jupiter.

10. Based on Kepler's observations about planetary motion, what is the relationship between a planet's orbital velocity and its distance from the sun?

The greater the distance, the slower the orbital velocity.

Distance has no effect on orbital velocity.

The greater the distance, the greater the orbital velocity.

As distance is cut in half, orbital velocity decreases.

11. The mass of an object doubles. What happens to the gravitational force between it and another object whose mass stays the same, assuming they remain the same distance apart?

The amount of the gravitational force decreases by one-half.

The amount of the gravitational force quadruples.

The amount of the gravitational force doubles.

The amount of the gravitational force remains the same.

12. Why was the geocentric model accepted for more than a thousand years?

It correctly explained the motion of the planets.

It correctly described the solar system.

It was confirmed by astronomers using telescopes.

It correctly explained the distribution of the stars.

13. Select the correct answer to complete the sentence. Gravitational force is said to be universal because:

it operates in one direction.

it operates only within our solar system.

it applies mainly to planets and moons.

it applies to all objects.

14. Which factor is not needed when calculating the velocity of a satellite orbiting a planet?

the mass of the satellite

the orbital radius of the satellite

the mass of the planet

the universal gravitational constant

15. Select the correct words to fill in the blanks to this sentence: As a planet draws away from the sun in its orbit, the force between the sun and the planet _________and the planet's speed _________. *
increases, increases

increases, decreases

decreases, decreases

decreases, increases

16. Which form of Kepler’s third law can you use to relate the period T and radius r of a planet in our solar system as long as the unit year is used for the period and astronomical unit is used for the radius? ( = means proportional to in this case)

T^2=r

T=r^2

T^2=r^3

T^3=r^2

Answer 1

Answer: 1. An ellipse that is almost circular.

2. Determining the structure of the solar system's planets.

Sry I cant answer the other questions for you right now..Hope this helped you!

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