Answer:
Every day, federal courts decide cases critical to our rights from the environment to voting to immigration. Those who are appointed to serve on the bench must be qualified, fair, and impartial.
Most people know that Supreme Court Justices serve for life, and so do federal District and Circuit Court judges all over the country.
Step 1: A Judicial Vacancy is Announced
A judicial vacancy occurs when a judge takes senior status, retires, resigns, or passes away, or Congress creates a new judgeship.
Step 2: Home-State Senator Judicial Selection
For U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals and U.S. District Court nominees, Senators establish processes to select potential nominees for vacancies in their states. Many use merit-based judicial selection commissions to seek community input and recommend potential nominees to the White House who represent the values and needs of their constituents.
Step 3: President Nominates Nominees
The President nominates individuals to fill vacancies after consulting with the homestate Senators and conducting their own reviews of candidates.