Answer: 8.24x10^5 years, or 8.24x10^3 centuries
Explanation: Sequential conversions to arrive at a total population rate of 2.31x10^10 atoms/sec for the entire population. Total seconds would be (6.02x10^23 atoms/2.31x10^10 atoms/sec) = 2.60x10^13 seconds. No breaks allowed, then (2.60x10^13 seconds)/(3.1536x10^7 sec/year)= 8.24x10^5 years.