Final answer:
Power surges can damage a computer's electronic components, but using surge protectors, UPS systems, and advance warning of solar storms can mitigate these effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
Power surges can significantly affect computers by causing damage to their electronic components. When a surge occurs, the sudden increase in voltage exceeds what the components are designed to handle, potentially leading to overheating and failure of the computer's hardware.
To minimize or remove the problem of power surges, one can use surge protectors or uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) that can absorb or divert the excess voltage. Additionally, advance warning of solar storms can prompt precautionary measures such as reducing power network capacity to absorb surges. Preparation for malfunctions in communications networks, having backup plans, and scheduling activities like spacewalks to avoid solar activity peaks are also strategic ways to mitigate the effects of power surges.