Answer:
To be an effective citizen is kind of a complicated thing to get into. In theory, the idea would be for a citizen to follow their civic duty, such as voting, paying taxes (this is highly debated about it having this much value), following the laws, keeping the government from having too much power, and preventing them from abusing it (American citizens have been REALLY failing at this one for a long time).
Now, for these pieces of criteria, it would be required for a person to have a job and actually contribite to their community. That way, you will make sure certain services are completed and get extremely taxed. For that, you will need whatever skill set is needed for your field, and probably a college degree with all the debt that comes with it.
You will also likely need to vote to remain an active part of the wellfare of your country.