Answer:
The use of the atomic bomb could have been avoided but the consequences would have been disastrous for American and Allied operations in Japan due to the projected immense losses due to Operation Downfall (the planned invasion of Japan, if it was not for the atomic bombs).
The long term impacts was that Japan immediately surrendered to the the collapse of vital infrastructure. For Berlin, the impacts were the same-total surrender to demoralization and widespread destruction.
Step-by-step explanation:
*Pretty much, if the atomic bombs were not used, then the Allies would have won, although with more caualties, and the war could have dragged on