Final answer:
The dog's insistence on burying the bone despite praise for other behavior is an example of instinctual behavior. It is embedded in their survival instincts and differs from learned behaviors that are modified through conditioning techniques such as positive reinforcement or punishment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Even though a dog receives praise for sitting inside on his bed and chewing the bone given to him, if the dog insists on going outside to bury the bone, this behavior is most likely an example of instinctual behavior. Dogs have evolved to bury food and bones as a way to store them safely from other predators and to save them for later when food might be scarce. This behavior is embedded in their survival instincts and is not easily overridden by typical conditioning techniques.
Pavlov's experiments with dogs, such as making them associate pressing a lever with getting food or conditioning them to stack boxes to reach a chicken piece, are examples of classical conditioning, where a dog is trained to associate a stimulus with a certain outcome. However, instinctual behaviors like burying bones are more intrinsic to a dog's nature and can occur without any conditioning at all.
In comparison, learned behaviors such as a dog staying off the sofa after being scolded or a dog sitting on command in anticipation of a treat demonstrate how animals can be conditioned to associate certain actions with positive or negative outcomes, modifying their behavior to adapt to human expectations and commands.