Final answer:
The temperature of a system is determined by translational kinetic energy, rotational kinetic energy, and vibrational kinetic energy, as these contribute to the thermal energy of the system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The forms of energy that determine temperature are translational kinetic energy, rotational kinetic energy, and vibrational kinetic energy. These forms of energy contribute to the thermal energy of a system. The average translational kinetic energy of molecules is directly related to temperature and can be described by the equation KE = mū² = ³/kT. This equation indicates that temperature is a measure of the average translational kinetic energy in a substance. For systems like gases, liquids, and solids, the translational kinetic energy contributes to their thermal energy, and hence, to their temperature. However, in systems with molecules that have more than one atom, like an ideal gas with multi-atomic molecules, rotational and vibrational kinetic energies also contribute to the thermal energy of the system.