Answer:
Formal communication is communication through predefined channels set by organizations. Typically conveyed from top leadership to various departments that funnels down to lower level employees. Formal communication is backed by organizational procedure, and it is necessary to fulfill the goals of the organization. Formal communication is created to increase efficiency within an organization and provides a smooth and streamlined method of communication that travels upward and downward. It is used to easily communicate rules, procedures, and company policy to lower level employees. Also, formal communication is used in situations where documentation is needed to prove or disprove a claim or complaint.
Informal communication is more relational than formal. It is not backed by any predetermined channels and can happen anywhere within the organization. The primary goal of informal communication is to preserve and establish relationships with colleagues, superiors, and subordinates. Since it is not defined by any channels, informal communication moves a lot faster; however, it does not leave a paper trail or official documentation. Informal communication is all about relationships, but it is also critical to businesses because it allows employees to give feedback to their superiors. It facilitates the action of upward interface and enables communication to go both ways efficiently.