Answer:
The author uses a subjective observer to present subtle judgments about the characters.
Step-by-step explanation:
Kate Chopin's "The Awakening" revolves around the story of Mrs. Edna Pontellier and her inner desires to be her own, do things her way, and express and say whatever she wishes. The story also deals with themes of freedom, society's expectations of women, etc.
In the given excerpt from the novel, the author uses a subjective observer who provides the readers with subtle judgments of the characters. Here, the unknown observer tells us about Miss Highcamp "[who] seemed to have apprehended all of the composer's coldness and none of his poetry." Even Mrs. Pontellier is not left behind. The observer remarks, "While Edna listened she could not help wondering if she had lost her taste for music."
Thus, the correct answer is the second option.