Answer:
d. b and c
Step-by-step explanation:
Monetary policy can be defined as the actions (macroeconomic policies) adopted and undertaken by the central bank of a particular country (Federal Reserve System in the United States of America) to control the money supply and interest rates so as to boost or enhance economic growth.
Basically, monetary policies are used by the central bank to manage inflation, economic growth through long-term interest rates and level of unemployment in a country. In order to boost economic growth, the national government through its central bank introduces monetary policy to increase money supply (liquidity). Also, a monetary policy can be used to prevent inflation through the reduction of money supply at a given period of time.
A rules-based monetary policy is advocated by non-activists and when it's adopted by the central bank of a country, it could involve a predetermined steady growth rate in the money supply because it's implemented based on specific indicator events existing in the economy.