Answer: C. The sun's rays heat the surface and atmosphere of the earth, in so doing they make possible photosynthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
A comma splice simply refers to a common grammatical error which occurs when a comma is incorrectly used to join two independent clauses together to make one sentence.
A comma splice can be found in "The sun's rays heat the surface and atmosphere of the earth, in so doing they make possible photosynthesis".
In this case, the comma is used incorrectly to join the independent clauses together.