Answer:
d. Probably always understood that the Supreme Court would rule on constitutionality.
Step-by-step explanation:
Baum and Rakove are academics and researchers on how the law, government and federal constitution is applied and influences the creation and sustaining factors of the country. They assess how all these elements work together and how this has been established and maintained in our society for so many years. As well, they assess institutions linked to these elements, such as the Supreme Court.
In relation to the Supreme Court, Baum and Rakove believe that its power in relation to the constitutionality of the laws and activities promoted by the country, was something purposely done by the Framers of the constitution. They believe that these Framers , allowed this power to the supreme court, so that it was possible for the constitutionality to be evaluated in an impartial, correct and fair way, by the institution responsible for social justice.