Final answer:
Ranching is an agricultural practice focused on raising cattle or sheep for meat processors, prevalent where climates or terrains are not suitable for crop farming. Pastoralism is similar but involves nomadic herding, and there are sustainability challenges and efforts within the industry.
Step-by-step explanation:
A form of agriculture devoted to raising large numbers of cattle or sheep for sale to meat processors is known as ranching. Ranching is typically practiced in regions where the climate or terrain is unsuitable for crop production. In the United States, areas such as the drylands of the Great Plains or hilly Appalachia are known for cattle production, with states like Texas and Nebraska leading in this industry.
Pastoralism is another related form of agriculture but is distinguished by its nomadic nature, where herds are moved frequently to find fresh pasture. It contrasts with more sedentary ranching practices that may include fencing and use of feedlots, where livestock are confined and given a specific diet to increase their market size before slaughter.
The beef industry has considerable environmental and social impacts, exemplified by the cattle ranching in Brazil, which contributes to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. However, there are efforts to improve the sustainability of this industry with the implementation of sustainability programs. These programs are designed to support cattle ranchers economically and promote environmentally responsible practices.