Answer:
a) high initial costs and fees
Step-by-step explanation:
A franchise is formed when a business obtains the licence to use another business's brand to operate.
The franchisor (brand owner) usually gives managerial assistance, training, and other needed support.
The franchisee is the entity using the franchisor's brand name. There is usually an initial royalty payment and other fees paid the use the franchisor's brand.