Answer:
d. linking various value activities within an organization.
Step-by-step explanation:
A functional (departmental) organizational structure is a type of structure used to organize staffs by dividing them into various departments based on their skill set, roles or functions and knowledge.
These departments which are vertically structured may include, finance, IT, sales and marketing, research and development, customer service etc. Also, the various departments are headed by a functional manager who are saddled with the responsibility of overseeing, managing and reporting to the executive management.
The employees in companies engaged in a single line of business are generally referred to as silos because they work independently, collaborate and communicate with their colleagues in a vertical style i.e exclusively with each other.
A manager can be defined as an individual who is saddled with the responsibility of providing guidance, support, supervision, administrative control, as well as acting as a role model or example to the employees working in an organization by being morally upright.
Generally, managers are typically involved in taking up leadership roles and as such are expected to be build a strong relationship between their employees or subordinates by creating a fair ground for effective communication and sharing of resources and information. Also, they are required to engage their staff members (entire workforce) in the most efficient and effective manner.
Coordination refers to linking various value activities within an organization.