Answer:
All the four given factors favored the appearance of trait of larger beak size in the finches population
Step-by-step explanation:
The following factors led to the evolution of finches with large beak sizes in the following ways -
a) the potential for the finches to reproduce - The finches ability to reproduce helped them acquiring traits that would increase their fitness for survival
b) the existence of genetic variation related to beak size in the population - Gene pool with respect to beak size having genes for large beak size allowed finches to acquire this traits through mating. If there were no genes of large beak size in the gene pool, then this trait would not have appeared ever in the future generation of finches
c) the competition for limited resources - There is a huge possibility that large beaks are useful in acquiring food as compared to other size of beaks and hence, this trait evolved in finches
d) the differential reproductive success of the individuals that survive - Finches with large beak size have better fitness and hence are able to survive and extreme condition. This characteristics of fitness allowed them to evolve