The state income tax owned on a 40,000 per year salary to the nearest whole dollar is $2,043.
First of all, we would subtract the minimum (lowest) income from the maximum (highest) income in order to determine the required income range;
3,000 - 0 = $3,000
5,000 - 3,001 ≈ $3,000
17,000 - 5001 ≈ $12,000
40,000 - 17001 ≈ $23,000
Next, we would calculate the tax rate for each bracket based on the income as follows;
State income tax (0 - 3000) = 2/100 × 3000
State income tax (0 - 3000) = $60.
State income tax (3001 - 5000) = 3/100 × 2000
State income tax (3001 - 5000) = $60.
State income tax (5001 - 17000) = 5/100 × 12000
State income tax (5001 - 17000) = $600.
State income tax (17001 - 40,000) = 5.75/100 × 23000
State income tax (17001 - 40,000) = $1,322.5.
Now, we would add all of the state income taxes as follows;
State income tax = 60 + 60 + 600 + 1,322.5
State income tax = 2,042.5 ≈ $2,043.