Question

A certain type of legal proceeding has three possible outcomes: in favor of party a, in favor of party b, or not in favor of either party. The outcomes are expected to be 40 percent, 20 percent, and 40 percent, respectively. A random sample of 40 cases is selected from a certain judge to investigate whether the judge’s outcomes are consistent with the expected outcomes. A chi-square goodness-of-fit test is conducted, and the value of the chi-square test statistic is χ2=9. 19 with a corresponding p–value of 0. 1. Assuming the conditions for inference were met, which of the following is the correct interpretation of the p–value?

Answer 1

D) If the null hypothesis is true, there is a 1 percent chance of obtaining a chi-square value of at least 9.19.

Step-by-step explanation:

Most of this AP question is fluff to confuse you, so make sure to emphasize the p-value and the actual question being asked.

For these interpretation problems, for chi-square GOF (goodness of fit) tests, the p-value is interpreted as such:

If the null hypothesis (
`H_o`) is true, there is a [
`p`-value] probability of obtaining a chi-square (
`x^2`) value of [test-statistic
`x^2`] or more extreme.

This answer choice fits the format the best, and is therefore the correct answer.