Final answer:
Mao Zedong and the Communists won the Chinese Civil War due to popular support, corruption and inefficiency of the Nationalist regime, and recruitment from the local peasantry. The US aid to the Nationalists couldn't prevent the Communist victory, leading to Mao's declaration of the People's Republic of China.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mao Zedong and the Communists won the Chinese Civil War due to several factors:
First, Mao and the Communist Party had popular support from landless and poor farmers who were attracted to their promise of equal distribution of land and wealth. On the other hand, Chiang Kai-shek's regime was seen as corrupt and inefficient, using deadly force against protesting peasants. Second, Mao effectively built up the Communist force, recruiting from the local peasantry and capitalizing on the Nationalist failure to prevent Japanese invasion. Finally, after World War II, while the US provided aid to the Nationalists, the Communists managed to gain widespread support, with entire divisions of the Nationalist army defecting to their side. The Nationalists were eventually defeated, and Mao declared the creation of the People's Republic of China, forcing Chiang Kai-shek to flee to Taiwan.
(Keywords: Mao Zedong, Communists, Chinese Civil War, Chiang Kai-shek, popular support, landless farmers, equal distribution, corruption, inefficiency, deadly force, Japanese invasion, aid, widespread support, defection, People's Republic of China)