Final answer:
Constructing a philosophical argument involves defining a conclusion, identifying supporting premises, and understanding the logical connection between them. Arguments are structured by evidence that includes various forms of reasoning and responses to counterarguments.
Step-by-step explanation:
When constructing an argument in philosophy, understanding the logic that links premises and conclusions is essential. We start by defining what we wish to conclude. In philosophy, however, conclusions are not endpoints but springboards for further exploration. After establishing the conclusion, we then identify and present the underpinning evidence, which can be a combination of stated and implicit premises.
For instance, consider a valid argument pattern:
- Premise 1: If P, then Q (P > Q)
- Premise 2: Q is true (Q)
- Conclusion: Therefore, P must be true (P)
This logical form helps to clarify the relationship between premises and conclusion. Writing coherent paragraphs in support of an argument involves providing substantial evidence, which could include quotations, paraphrases from sources, context and interpretation, novel ideas, analogies, counterarguments, and their responses. Thoroughly examining premises allows us to either affirm the conclusion or expose weaknesses that require addressing.