Question

• Write a short paragraph explaining the social situations in Egypt that caused the

political revolution. Ask yourself what caused the Egyptian people to become so
angry with their government.

Answer 1

16

When interpreting something like the Egyptian upheaval, people tend to project their own passions on to the screen. The twitterati see a social media revolution, the foodies see food price hikes at its core, others see a hunger for democratisation, human rights groups see a backlash against routine torture and abuse. So I thought I'd try to pull together and categorise the full range of different "drivers of change" involved in bringing about a revolution.

First, consider the demographics: an explosive mix of high population growth, leading to a "youth bulge", combined with urbanisation, jobless growth partly linked to structural adjustment, and the rapid expansion of university education has produced what the BBC's Paul Mason calls "a new sociological type, the graduate with no future". Two-thirds of Egyptians are under 30, and each year 700,000 new graduates chase 200,000 new jobs