Answer:
C. the process by which people may become U.S. citizens
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the given excerpt, the process of naturalization is explained using the scenario of people coming to the US from foreign countries to apply for citizenship. The process requires them to fill an application, take a naturalization test, and appear in court.
Therefore, in the passage above, the word naturalization means the process by which people may become U.S. citizens.