Final answer:
The true statement regarding U.S. foreign policy is that the foreign policy of any country would never be in complete agreement with all U.S. policies, due to differing national interests and goals. Elections of foreign leaders can indeed have lasting effects on U.S. foreign policy, opposing the claim that they have almost no lasting effect.
Step-by-step explanation:
The foreign policy of any country, including the United States, is complex and involves a mix of different goals such as the protection of the U.S. and its citizens, the maintenance of access to key resources and markets, the preservation of a balance of power in the world, and the protection of human rights and democracy.
As such, the statement that the foreign policy of any country would never be in complete agreement with all U.S. policies is likely true because each country has its own interests and policies that may not always align perfectly with those of the United States. Furthermore, U.S. foreign policy goals and outputs are various and are carried through instruments like trade, diplomacy, sanctions, military/defense, intelligence, foreign aid, and global environmental policy, acknowledging that individual countries may have divergent views and priorities.
It is also important to note that U.S. foreign policy is a result of a combination of actions and decisions made by the president, Congress, foreign policy agencies, and other actors, which means it is subject to change and reinterpretation over time. Moreover, foreign policy is influenced by international events and dynamics, including the elections of foreign leaders, which can have a lasting effect on U.S. foreign policy. This makes the statement that elections of foreign leaders have almost no lasting effect on U.S. foreign policy seem less credible.