Final answer:
The purpose of transcription is to create a sequence of RNA bases that complement a sequence of DNA bases, primarily resulting in mRNA which is essential for protein synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The purpose of transcription is to create A. a sequence of RNA bases that complements a sequence of DNA bases. This occurs when RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of a strand of RNA using a strand of DNA as a template. The process includes the formation of base pairings, where adenine pairs with uracil and cytosine pairs with guanine. Transcription results in the production of different types of RNA: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA, with mRNA being the most directly involved in protein synthesis.
mRNA is a single-stranded RNA molecule that serves as a template for protein synthesis during translation. It carries the genetic information from DNA in a form that can be read by ribosomes to assemble amino acids in the correct order to make a protein. The segment of DNA transcribed into mRNA is called a gene and contains the necessary codes for protein synthesis, including promoter, coding sequence (reading frame), and terminator regions