The colonization of Africa over 100 years ago has had a profound and lasting impact on the continent's present circumstances. Firstly, the arbitrary division of Africa by European powers during the Scramble for Africa has left a legacy of artificial borders, resulting in ethnic and political tensions that persist to this day. Secondly, the exploitation of Africa's resources during colonization led to economic dependency and uneven development, exacerbating issues of poverty and underdevelopment. Lastly, the imposition of colonial rule disrupted indigenous governance systems and cultural practices, creating social and political challenges that continue to shape Africa's struggle for stability and self-determination.