Answer:
D. Specialization leads employees to focus on a single skill or task
while cross-training deals with training employees in multiple skills
or tasks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Job specialization can be defined as a strategic process which typically involves the ability of employees working in an organization to develop specific skills, knowledge, great expertise or professionalism and experience to perform their duties, tasks or job functions effectively and efficiently.
In order to gain the requisite skills, expertise and knowledge for job specialization, it is very important for the employees to have undergone an extensive training and a good number of years in work experience.
The primary purpose of job specialization is to increase efficiency and productivity because the employees are able to specialize in the use of specific tools (equipments) to accomplish their tasks, as well as limit the level of error or mistakes in the production process.
On the other hand, cross-training can be defined as a learning process which typically involves teaching an individual or group of people multiple skills that are relevant to their job position or roles in an organization.
Hence, the difference between specialization and cross-training is that, specialization leads employees to focus on a single skill or task while cross-training deals with training employees in multiple skills or tasks.