Answer:
a. The condition that a reaction takes place without outside help Spontaneity
b. Difference of the enthalpy (of a system) minus the product of the entropy and absolute temperature Gibbs free energy
c. Sum of the internal energy plus the product of the pressure and volume for a reaction Enthalpy.
d. The extent of randomness in a system Entropy
e. Solution in which no more solute can be dissolved in the solven Saturated solution
Step-by-step explanation:
(a) SPONTANEITY - The quality of being natural rather than planned in advance is described as spontaneity.
(b) GIBBS FREE ENERGY - Gibbs free energy, also known as the Gibbs function, Gibbs energy, or free enthalpy, is a quantity used to quantify the maximum amount of work that can be performed in a thermodynamic system when the temperature and pressure are held constant. The symbol ‘G' stands for Gibbs free energy.
(c) ENTHALPY - The heat absorbed or released during a process at constant pressure is equal to the Enthalpy shift. While “enthalpy” is often referred to as “heat content,” most people prefer to refer to it as “enthalpy.”
(d) ENTROPY - Entropy is the amount of thermal energy in a device per unit temperature that can't be used to do useful work. Since work is produced by ordered molecular motion, entropy is also a measure of a system's molecular disorder, or randomness. For several everyday phenomena, the idea of entropy offers profound insight into the direction of spontaneous change.
(e) SATURATED SOLUTION - A saturated solution is a chemical solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute in the solvent. In a saturated solution, the extra solute will not dissolve. A number of factors influence the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent to form a saturated solution.