Answer:
Outsourcing is a cost reduction practice where Company A contracts Company B or another party to carry out services or produce goods that Company A used to produce for itself.
It is done when paying Company B to perform the services, is cheaper than performing it themselves which would enable Company A to cut down on costs.
For example, it costs Company A $5 per customer service call if they do it themselves but it would cost $3 per call if they let Company B handle it. Outsourcing is where they pay Company B that $3 to handle the calls and save $2.