Question

Describe the structure of human kidney.
answer in brief..okay..i appreciate correct one.​

Answer 1

➜ Kidneys are bean-shaped and located at the back of abdomen, one on either side of backbone. Its inner concave surface has a depression called hilum through which renal artery enters and renal vein leaves the kidney. Kidney has two regions: outer cortex and inner medulla. Each kidney has a large number of filtering units called nephrons.

Note: See picture attached to get the idea.

Answer 2

❅ Structure of Kidney —

Length: 10-12 cm.

Width: 5-7 cm.

Thickness: 2-3 cm.

Location: both sides of the vertebral column.

Step-by-step explanation:

❅ Hilum —

The hilum is a notch which is present on the inner surface towards the centre of the kidney. This notch allows the entrance of blood vessels, nerves and ureter in the kidney.

❅ Renal Pelvis —

Funnel-shaped structure towards the inner hilum. It has two zones. The inner zone is known as the medulla, and the outer zone is known as the cortex.

❅ Medulla —

It is divided into small medullary pyramids which are conical in shape. These are projected through the calyces.

❅ Cortex —

It is a structure which is present between the renal columns and the medullary pyramids. Columns of Bertini is another name of the renal columns.

❅ Nephrons —

These are particularly important and functional units of a kidney. They are complex tubular structures present in the count of millions. There are two parts of a nephron which include glomerulus and tubule. The glomerulus is responsible for the filtration of blood and toxic substances like nitrogenous wastes and ammonia.