Answer:
Independent = Milk left in the gallon jug
Dependent = cups of milk poured
Explanation:
In an experiment or a research, a variable is defined as the thing or a phenomenon that you are trying to found out or measure. Variables can be independent variable as well as the dependent variable.
Independent variable is the variable that the researcher or the experimenter can change or manipulate in the research. This variable does not depend on others and thus stands alone. Its value can be change or altered to find the changes in the dependent variables. They are used as treatment variables.
Whereas, the dependent variables are those variables that are dependent on the values of the independent variables. It is considered as the effect of the independent variable. An independent variable is often manipulated to measure the outcome in the dependent variable.
In the context, the cups of milk poured is the dependent variable and the independent variable is the amount of milk left in the jug.