Answer:
Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan
a) On December 8, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln offers his conciliatory plan for reunification of the United States with his Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction.
b) Blockade of the southern coastline.
Take control of the Mississippi River.
Take Richmond Virginia.
c) Lincoln's blueprint for Reconstruction included the Ten-Percent Plan, which specified that a southern state could be readmitted into the Union once 10 percent of its voters (from the voter rolls for the election of 1860) swore an oath of allegiance to the Union. Lincoln wanted to end the war quickly.
Johnson's Plan for Reconstruction
a) A political cartoon is a cartoon that makes a point about a political issue or event.
b) Pardons would be granted to those taking a loyalty oath.
No pardons would be available to high Confederate officials and persons owning property valued in excess of $20,000.
A state needed to abolish slavery before being readmitted.
c) Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plans were similar in that they both had similar requirements for former Confederate states to be reunited into the Union. This required ten percent of voters to take a loyalty oath and for the states to ratify the 13th Amendment.
Freedmen's Bureau
a) On March 3, 1865, Congress passed “An Act to establish a Bureau for the Relief of Freedmen and Refugees” to provide food, shelter, clothing, medical services, and land to displaced Southerners, including newly freed African Americans.
b) The Freedmen's Bureau provided food, housing, and medical aid, established schools, and offered legal assistance. It also attempted to settle former slaves on land confiscated or abandoned during the war.
Sharecropping
a) Much of the Southern United States was destroyed during the Civil war. Farms and plantations were burned down and their crops destroyed. The rebuilding of the South after the Civil War is called the Reconstruction. The Reconstruction lasted from 1865 to 1877.
b) By the early 1870s, the system known as sharecropping had come to dominate agriculture across the cotton-planting South. Under this system, black families would rent small plots of land, or shares, to work themselves; in return, they would give a portion of their crop to the landowner at the end of the year.
c) The absence of cash or an independent credit system led to the creation of sharecropping. High-interest rates, unpredictable harvests, and unscrupulous landlords and merchants often kept tenant farm families severely indebted, requiring the debt to be carried over until the next year or the next.
Jim Crow Era
a) Poll taxes, literacy tests, fraud, and intimidation all turned African Americans away from the polls.
b) Fifteenth Amendment, amendment (1870) to the Constitution of the United States that guaranteed that the right to vote could not be denied based on “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” The amendment complemented and followed in the wake of the passage of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth amendments, which ...
c) The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed in response to Jim Crow laws and other restrictions of minorities' voting rights at the time, primarily in the Deep South. The Act has undergone several changes and additions since its passage. In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court found a key provision of the Act unconstitutional.