Question

Lab stations activity: investigating complex inheritance patterns

Answer 1

Many characteristics have more complex inheritance patterns than those studied by Mendel, such as codominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, and environmental influences.

Step-by-step explanation:

Many characteristics have more complex inheritance patterns than those studied by Mendel. They are complicated by factors such as codominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, and environmental influences.

Mendelian genetics is based on the principles of dominant and recessive alleles, but there are traits that do not follow this simple pattern. For example, in codominance, both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype. In incomplete dominance, the heterozygote exhibits a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygotes. Multiple alleles refer to the presence of more than two alleles for a particular gene in a population. These factors contribute to the complexity of inheritance patterns and the deviations from Mendel's model.

Environmental influences

, such as temperature or diet, can also impact the expression of certain traits. Understanding these complex inheritance patterns is important for studying genetics and genetic disorders.

Answer 2

Mendel's laws only apply to some restricted hereditary situations, that is, to those traits that are determined by a single pair of allele genes and that are found on different homologous chromosomes. Among the hereditary mechanisms that do not conform to the laws described by Mendel, the complex inheritance patterns can be mentioned: intermediate inheritance, codominance, multiple alleles and inheritance linked to sex.

Step-by-step explanation:

Inheritance has patterns of transmission from parents to children such as those governed by Mendel's laws known as Mendelian inheritance, however, there are other inherited patterns known as complex inheritance patterns, among which are intermediate inheritance, codominance, multiple alleles and inheritance linked to sex. An inherited trait with an intermediate inheritance pattern expresses the two alleles that the individual possesses, but neither of them is observed as it originally is, but rather an intermediate phenotype is seen. Codominance is a situation that occurs when two different alleles are found in the genotype and both are expressed. Multiple alleles or polyalelia occur when genes have more than two allelic forms. In the case of multiple alleles, three or more alleles are present to determine a population trait. Sex-linked inheritance refers to the transmission and expression, in different sexes, of genes that are found in the non-homologous (heterologous) sector of the X chromosome inherited from the father. Two known examples are: hemophilia and color blindness determined by recessive genes in both cases.