Question

The Founding Principles of the US Government

Consider the founding principles of the US government that you learned about in this unit. Which are the most important to you? Answer the questions in the table. Be sure to give specific details in your responses.

If you need help, here are some sources. Each category has a secondary source and a primary source. You may use both in developing your responses.

Greece and Rome

Ancient Greece
The Roman Empire
Quotes from Greek and Roman Philosophers
The Enlightenment

Enlightenment Thinkers
Quotes from Enlightenment Philosophers
The Declaration of Independence

Declaration of Independence
Transcript of the Declaration of Independence
The Constitution

The Constitution
Transcript of the US Constitution

Answer 1

The Framers of the US Constitution structured the government so that the three branches have separate powers. The branches must both cooperate and compete to enact policy.

Each of the branches has the power to check the other two, which ensures that no one branch can become too powerful and that government as a whole is constrained.

This structure ensures that the people’s will is represented by allowing citizens multiple access points to influence public policy, and permitting the removal of officials who abuse their power

Answer 2

1. Ancient Greece or Rome Influence: The Roman principle of representative democracy influenced the U.S., reflecting elected representatives serving the people, akin to the Roman Republic's model. 2. Enlightenment Philosopher Impact: John Locke's ideas on natural rights and the social contract significantly shaped the U.S. government, emphasizing individual freedoms and government legitimacy. 3. Declaration of Independence Unalienable Right: The unalienable right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" is vital, safeguarding individual freedoms crucial for successful governance. 4. US Constitution Principle: The separation of powers, enshrined in the Constitution, is crucial for preventing power concentration and ensuring stability and equity in U.S. governance.

1. Principle from Ancient Greece or Rome: The principle of representative democracy from ancient Rome has a profound impact on the U.S. government. The concept of elected representatives serving the interests of the people mirrors the Roman Republic's governance, shaping the foundation of the U.S. democratic system.

2. Enlightenment Philosopher Impact: The ideas of John Locke, particularly his influence on the concept of natural rights and the social contract, greatly impacted the U.S. government. His notions of individual freedoms and government legitimacy laid the groundwork for key aspects of the American political philosophy.

3. Unalienable Right from Declaration of Independence: The unalienable right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" is foundational. It underscores individual freedoms essential for a successful government, emphasizing the protection of citizens' rights and well-being.

4. Idea from the US Constitution: The principle of the separation of powers is crucial for the U.S. government's success. Enshrined in the Constitution, this idea ensures a system of checks and balances, preventing the concentration of power and promoting a more stable and equitable governance structure.