Final answer:
Final cells can either be identical to the original cell, as in mitosis, or genetically unique, as in meiosis. Cell differentiation leads to cells with the same DNA performing different functions. Abnormalities in cell control mechanisms can result in diseases like cancer.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cellular Comparison and Differentiation
When comparing final cells to the original cell, there are several factors to consider, including the purpose of cell division, the number of cells produced, the rounds of cell division involved, whether the cells are haploid or diploid, and if daughter cells are identical to the parent cell, and to each other.
In the case of mitosis, the process results in the production of two daughter cells that are identical to the original diploid cell and to each other. This is important in growth, repair, and maintenance. Meiosis, on the other hand, involves two rounds of cell division and results in four haploid daughter cells, each genetically unique due to the random assortment of chromosomes and genetic recombination during crossover.
When considering cellular differentiation, all cells originate from the same DNA but differentiate to perform unique functions. This is much like actors reading from the same script but only performing their individual parts. Moreover, comparing eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, one can note both similarities in basic structure and differences in complexity, such as membrane-bound organelles present in eukaryotes but absent in prokaryotes.
Differentiated cells may still undergo changes in cases such as cancer, where they lack the normal mechanisms of contact inhibition, leading to uncontrolled growth and potential metastasis.