The Civil Rights Act of 1968 included legislation known as the Fair Housing Act, which made it unlawful for a landlord to discriminate against or prefer a potential tenant based on their race, color, religion, gender, or national origin, when advertising or negotiating the sale or rental of housing. Such protections have also been extended to other "protected classes" including disabilities and familial status. Despite these efforts, studies have shown that housing discrimination still exists and that the resulting segregation has led to wealth, educational, and health disparities. Because black home buyers put smaller down payments, they usually pay higher interest rates than their white and Asian peers. In 2015, according to Pew, less than two-thirds of black households held home loans with rates below 5%. Some 73% of white and 83% of Asian households had such mortgages. Black homeowners has also been racially discriminated by lenders, especially after the creation of mortgage-backed securities.